ABSTRACT
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition triggered due to body's response to an infection. If empirical treatment for sepsis and bacteraemia is held up it will increase chances of mortality as well as duration of stay and cost. Hence, there is a need for risk stratification. So, we planned to study the clinicohematological profile of patients of sepsis admitted to this hospital in ICU.Methods: This was an observational study. A total of 50 patients of sepsis were included. All included participants were subject to CBC, RFT, LFT, RBS, Urine RM, ESR, chest X-ray, USG Abdomen. Laboratory evaluations were performed in the institutional pathology and biochemistry labs. Data was analysed to assess the clinicohematological profile of the patients of sepsis to identify common factors which if taken care of in time can reduce development to sepsis and the morbidity and mortality related to it.Results: Most common presenting complaint was fever (72%), followed by altered sensorium (58%), vomiting (30%), jaundice (30%) and breathlessness (20%). Most noticed signs were pallor (36%), icterus (36%), edema (6%), reduced air entry (34%) and crepitations (26%). Most common source of the infection were abdomen (28%), urinary tract infection (26%) and community acquired pneumonia (24%).Conclusions: Most common presenting complaints were fever, breathlessness, altered sensorium. Most common source of sepsis were urinary tract infection, lung, and abdomen which if adequately treated in time would aid in reducing the number of sepsis patients and thus will control the morbidity, mortality and cost associated with sepsis.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypothyroidism is the most common of thyroid disorders in India. Anemia and hypothyroidism often occur simultaneously. Only few studies have assessed the role of vitamin B12 deficiency in this anemia. So, we planned this study to assess prevalence of anemia in hypothyroidism and to see if there is any association between vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia in these patients.Methods: It was an observational study. All hypothyroid patients attending the medicine OPD or admitted to medicine wards were enrolled for the study. Total 60 patients were included. Data was analyzed to assess the burden of anemia and B12 deficiency in hypothyroid and to find out any correlation between TSH level, anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency.).Results: About one third of hypothyroid had decreased vitamin B 12 levels. TSH level showed significant positive correlation with hemoglobin value. 28% of the hypothyroid patients had vitamin b12 deficiency, but TSH levels itself did not correlate with vitamin B12 level. However, it was seen that those who had combined thyroid and B12 deficiency had significantly higher chances of developing generalized swelling and breathlessness.Conclusions: Although there is no correlation between TSH level and B12 deficiency, it may be helpful to determine B12 level in hypothyroid patients who present with anemia, generalized swelling and/or breathlessness as B12 supplementation may give better symptomatic relief in them as compared to treating with thyroxine alone. More elaborative studies with larger sample size are required to explore this rather unattended relation of anemia in hypothyroidism with B12 deficiency.
ABSTRACT
Background: Esophageal cancer is associated with multiple risk factors and associated with poor prognosis. Incidence of Esophageal cancer is increases now a days and it became a sixth leading cause of cancer related death in world. The purpose of this study was to know the clinical profile of patients of esophageal cancer in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Gujrat, India.Methods: This is a retrospective hospital record based study for a period of 2015 to 2018 in which 103 patients with endoscopic biopsy confirmed cases of esophageal cancer were analyzed for clinical profile.Results: Esophageal cancer was most common in low socioeconomic men (66%) of 5th decades (26.21%) associated with tobacco chewing (64.07%) as a major risk factor and dysphagia (86.76%) as most common presenting feature. Most common type and involvement were sqamous type (72.81%) and distal third (50.48%) part of the esophagus respectively.Conclusions: Primordial prevention and screening of patients may decrease mortality related to esophageal carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cardiovascular disease which is an outcome measure have several conventional risk factors which include older age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcohol intake, smoking, decreased physical activity, abdominal obesity, high risk diet and psychosocial stress. Stiffening of large arteries known as arterial stiffness (arteriosclerosis) has been shown to be an important risk marker for future cardiovascular events and mortality beyond well-known cardiovascular risk factors. Aim of study: To determine the effect of Hypertension on arterial stiffness and so the cardiovascular disease. Therefore in this study, we attempted to find the effect of hypertension on vascular stiffness. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Medicine, Dhiraj Hospital affiliated with SBKS MI & RC Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University to measure and analyse the vascular age in hypertensive patients. Total of 90 hypertensive patients were enrolled for the study after taking informed written consent. Vascular age is calculated in all patients using MOBILO-OGRAPH, after taking into consideration the various vascular parameters. Results: Vascular aging become faster in older patients (>60 years) than in younger patients (p=0.011). Also Male hypertensives had worse vessels compared to their female counterpart (p=0.001). Also the presence of dyslipidaemia had highly significant effect on vascular age of hypertensive patients (p<0.001). We had also seen that greater the duration of hypertension, more the effect on arterial stiffness. Conclusion: Though prediction of exact cardiovascular risk is not possible by measuring vascular age of the hypertensive patients but such information is very useful for mass sensitization and education.